Can I trip the smoke stopper only by arming the drone?

Potentially, yes. Especially if it’s only a 1A smoke stopper and/or you have larger motors, or a larger vtx that pulls a significant amount of amperage once armed.

If you’re able to plug in safely with the smoke stopper and boot up without it tripping, as it appears you are or you wouldn’t get to the point where you can arm it, then you’re safe to remove the smoke stopper.

Edit- I should probably note that doesn’t mean your soldering is good and that a wire won’t come loose and cause a massive short and a fire, but, it sounds like you’ve reached the limit of what you can test with a smoke stopper- which is just a short on initial plugin.